Yawning in an old world monkey, Macaca nigra (primates: Cercopithecidae)
نویسنده
چکیده
A gaping movement of the mouth, commonly called yawning, has been identified in all major classes of vertebrates, including fish (BAERENDS & BAERENDS, 1950; MORRIS, 1954), amphibians and reptiles (MCCUTCHEON, 1970), birds (MARLER, 1956; DFLIUS, 1967) and mammals (CARPENTER, 1940; BARBIZET, 1958; SCHALLER, 1972). Detailed studies of the ethology of this behavior pattern include those of SAUER & SAUER (1967) on the South African ostrich (Struthio camelus australis) and RASA (1971) on the jewel fish (Microspathodon chrysurus). In most animals yawning is interpreted primarily as a maintenance activity which correlates with drowsiness and fatigue (SAUER & SAUFR, 1967). The yawn is often said to function directly as a means of increasing the supply of oxygen to the brain following periods of lowered activity or arousal (BARBIZET, 1958; ALTMANN, 1967). In the jewel fish, however, yawning correlates with increasing excitement and decreasing activity levels, and is evoked through either endogenous or exogenous stimulation (RASA, 1971).
منابع مشابه
Variation in the primary structure of carbonic anhydrase B in man, great apes, and old world monkeys.
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